Dimensions:
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The size of the alloy elbow is determined according to the nominal diameter. The specific dimensions include the long radius and short radius 90°, 45°, and 180° elbows.
Description:
Alloy elbow is a pipe fitting made of high-strength alloy material, mainly used for connecting pipe bends to achieve 90° or other angle bends between two pipes with the same nominal diameter. This elbow is particularly suitable for working in high temperature and high pressure environments due to its excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance.
Alloy elbows are made of various materials, including but not limited to manganese steel, nickel steel, martensitic alloys, etc. These materials give alloy elbows specific applications in different environments. For example, alloy elbows made of manganese steel are usually used in pipelines with severe wear and tear, such as concrete conveying pipelines and mud conveying pipelines, because of their excellent performance in withstanding impact, extrusion, and material wear. Alloy elbows made of nickel steel are usually used in normal temperature conveying pipelines of high-concentration oxidizing acids (such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid). In addition, martensitic alloy elbows have high high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and water vapor corrosion resistance below 650°C, so they are often used in high-temperature water vapor conveying pipelines, water gas pipelines and other environments. These characteristics make alloy elbows an indispensable part of industrial piping systems, especially in application scenarios that need to withstand extreme conditions, their importance is more prominent.
Alloy elbows are a type of pipe fittings widely used in various industrial piping systems. Their instructions mainly include material selection, connection methods, production processes, classifications, and application scopes.
1. Material selection: The materials of alloy elbows include cast iron, stainless steel, alloy steel, forgeable cast iron, carbon steel, non-ferrous metals, and plastics. The selection of these materials depends on the specific requirements and working conditions of the piping system, such as corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and pressure resistance.
2. Connection methods: Alloy elbows have various connection methods, including direct welding (the most commonly used method), flange connection, hot melt connection, electric fusion connection, threaded connection, and socket connection. The selection of these connection methods depends on the design requirements of the piping system and the convenience of installation and maintenance.
3. Production process: The production process of alloy elbows includes welding elbows, stamping elbows, push elbows, casting elbows, butt welding elbows, etc. Different production processes are suitable for different usage scenarios. For example, welding elbows are suitable for occasions that require higher strength and sealing, while stamping elbows are suitable for mass production.
4. Classification: Alloy elbows can be classified in many ways, such as angle (such as 45°, 90°, 180°), radius of curvature (long radius and short radius), pressure level, etc. For example, 45° and 90° elbows are suitable for occasions where the direction of the pipeline needs to be changed, while 180° elbows are used in occasions where the direction of the pipeline needs to be completely changed.
5. Application scope: Alloy elbows are widely used in pipeline systems in various fields such as petrochemicals, electricity, natural gas, and water supply. They can withstand high pressure and high temperature, have good sealing and corrosion resistance, and are an indispensable part of industrial pipeline systems.
In summary, the instructions for use of alloy elbows cover many aspects such as material selection, connection method, production process, classification, and application scope, ensuring its wide application and efficient operation in various industrial pipeline systems.
The use parameters of alloy elbows involve many aspects, including material, implementation standards, pressure level, radius of curvature, etc. The following is a detailed description of the parameters:
1. Material: Alloy elbows are made of various materials, including bronze, stainless steel, manganese steel, high manganese steel, nickel steel and martensitic alloys. For example, ordinary bronze alloy elbows are more common in general tap water pipes, while stainless steel elbows are used in many tap water pipes with the improvement of living standards. Manganese steel alloy elbows are suitable for pipes with severe wear and consumption, such as concrete conveying pipes and mud conveying pipes. High manganese steel alloy elbows are used in pipes with intense fluid flow and strong impact. Nickel steel alloy elbows are usually used in normal temperature conveying pipes with high concentration of oxidizing acids (such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid), while martensitic alloy elbows have high high temperature strength, oxidation resistance and water vapor corrosion resistance below 650℃, and are often used in high temperature water vapor conveying pipes and water gas pipes.
2. Implementation standards: The implementation standards of alloy elbows include GB/T-, GB/T, GB/T-, etc. These standards specify the requirements for the size, material, performance, etc. of the elbows.
3. Pressure level: According to the pressure level classification, there are about seventeen pressure levels for welded elbows, including Sch5s, Sch10s, Sch10, Sch20, Sch30, Sch40s, STD, Sch40, Sch60, Sch80s, XS, Sch80, Sch100, Sch120, Sch140, Sch160, XXS, of which STD and XS are the most commonly used.
4. Curvature radius: According to the curvature radius classification, welded elbows can be divided into long radius elbows and short radius elbows. Long radius elbows refer to elbows with a radius of curvature equal to 1.5 times the outer diameter of the pipe (R=1.5D), while short radius elbows have a radius of curvature equal to the outer diameter of the pipe (R=D). The most commonly used elbow is 1.5D. If the contract does not specify whether it is 1D or 1.5D, then the 1.5D elbow should be optimized.
In summary, the use parameters of alloy elbows include material selection, implementation standard compliance, pressure level classification, and curvature radius selection. The selection of these parameters depends on the specific application scenario and requirements.
Combining a self-reinforcing design with a range of different formats and sizes, olet style branch connections are an ideal alternative to reinforcement pads and standard pipe tees.
Different designs offer solutions for virtually any pipe size or shape while also providing numerous connection options and solid, long-lasting connections.
Before we dive into the common olet types and how they differ, it’s important to look at some common characteristics and get an idea of how they work.
Typically, when branching a pipe, you can use one of a few options:
A standard piping tee
A saddle type pipe connection with or without a reinforcement pad
An olet
Pioneered and trademarked by Bonney Forge, olets provide the same branching functionality of a standard tee but with a self-reinforcing design that requires less on-site fabrication.
Most common olet designs are built for use as a 90-degree branch connection. However, specialty designs are also available for use on elbow bends or to make 45-degree connections.
Olets require welding for proper installation to a pipe, pressure tank, or other piping system components.
However, they are available with a variety of end connections to suit different uses and connection methods.
This is the most common way of separating various olet types.
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Because of how olets are designed, they will only work when branching between equal or smaller size pipes.
Most olet types will describe their properties right in the name. That can take the confusion out of limiting your initial options.
Let’s look at common types of olets and their characteristics.
Welded onto the outlet pipe, Weldolets® feature a 37-degree bevelled end.
It is one of the most common branch connections available and considered a butt-weld fitting due to its design. This style of olet is used in high temperature and high pressure conditions.
Instead of using a bevelled end, Sockolets® utilize a socket consisting of a bore matching the outlet bore and a counter bore roughly the size of the outer diameter of the outlet.
This creates a socket in which the pipe can sit to make welding and installation easier. Available in #, #, and # classes, Sockolets® are considered socket fittings.
Using a threaded end, Thredolets® feature a bore matched to the outlet bore to allow connection with no welding.
Considered a threaded fitting, Thredolets® are most commonly available in # and # classifications.
Allowing for 45-degree lateral connections -- as opposed to the typical 90-degree connection of other olet types -- Latrolets® can feature butt-weld, socket weld, or threaded connections to suit various applications.
They are most commonly available in # or # classifications.
While most olets require a straight run of pipe for installation, Elbolets® offer a 90-degree branch connection option for elbows and bent pipes.
Typically used for Thermowell and instrumentation installations, they are available in butt-weld, socket weld, and threaded applications to suit a range of uses.
While most commonly used with 90-degree long radius elbows, options are available for short radius elbows.
Available in a variety of end types -- including male-socket (PE), butt-weld, and male threaded -- Nipolets® feature an extended pipe body and are available in 90-degree branch connection configurations.
Often used in valve take-offs, drains, and vents, Nipolets® are available in varying lengths ranging from 3.5- to 6.5-inches.
Designed to provide smooth flow transition from the run pipe to the branch pipe, Sweepolets® are typically used in large size branch connections.
This butt-weld branch connection is also contoured and integrally reinforced to lower stress intensification factors. This provides a low stress solution with a long fatigue life.
The design also allows for easy radiography, ultrasound, or other non-destructive inspection means for applications with such requirements.
Contoured like a Sweepolet®, Insert Weldolets® provide easy-to-examine attachment welds in a design similar to Weldolets® with the addition of a raised section on the connecting end to assist with connection.
When choosing a branch connection fitting, it is important to consider run sizes and how the fitting will integrate into your intended piping system.
Branching connection fitting outlet sizes are designed to fit several run pipe sizes.
For example, a 1/2-inch olet fitting marked 2-inch by 36-inch (run) by 1/2-inch will fit all run pipe sizes from 2-inches to 36-inches.
When placed on a 36" Run Pipe, there will be a maximum radial gap of 1/16" between the top of the Run Pipe and the base of the fitting at the crotch.
This gap is negligible when welding.
However, it’s critical to ensure that modifications to accommodate installation of the olet do not stray from the critical engineering design.
For example, the crotch or heel of an olet cannot be manipulated or shortened.
Instead, the skirt or toes should be manipulated or shortened where required. This dynamic is a major part of why size ranges exist.
You’ll find an example of this is the diagram below.
The “A” and “E” dimensions cannot be altered because it will change the center of run pipe to end (or insert ledge on socket weld olets) depending on the engineering practice.